Web Security: SSL, DNS, and Malware!

  • SSL/TLS Certificate: A digital certificate that verifies the identity of a website or server. It uses public-key cryptography to establish an encrypted connection between a client (browser) and a server. The certificate contains information about the website’s owner, the issuing certificate authority (CA), and the certificate’s public key. When a browser connects to a website with a valid SSL/TLS certificate, it can verify the website’s authenticity and ensure that data transmitted between the browser and the server is encrypted.
  • HTTPS: HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is the secure version of HTTP. It uses SSL/TLS encryption to protect the communication between a web browser and a web server. This ensures that data transmitted over the internet, such as login credentials, credit card numbers, and personal information, is protected from eavesdropping and tampering.
  • Phishing: Phishing is a cybercrime in which attackers attempt to steal sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details, by disguising themselves as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. Typically, phishing attacks involve sending fraudulent emails, text messages, or websites that mimic legitimate organizations.
  • Malware: Malware (malicious software) is any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer system, network, or device. This can include viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware. Malware can be used to steal data, disrupt operations, or gain unauthorized access to systems.
  • Domain Privacy (WHOIS Privacy): Domain privacy is a service offered by domain registrars that hides the personal contact information of domain name owners in the WHOIS database. Without domain privacy, anyone can look up the owner’s name, address, phone number, and email address. Domain privacy helps to protect domain owners from spam, identity theft, and unwanted solicitations.
  • DNS Spoofing (DNS Cache Poisoning): DNS spoofing is a cyberattack in which attackers manipulate DNS records to redirect users to malicious websites. This is done by corrupting the DNS cache of a DNS server, causing it to return incorrect IP addresses for legitimate domain names. This can allow attackers to steal login credentials, spread malware, or conduct other malicious activities.

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